Abstract: In order to clarify the taxonomy of anthracnose pathogens on Camellia petelotii (Merr.) Sealy and provide theoretical basis for the effective control of the disease, the pathogens in the samples of C. petelotii anthracnose were isolated and purified, and the suspected pathogenic fungus were obtained. Two representative strains, JH01 and JH04, were selected for pathogenicity testing and both were able to induce the symptoms of anthracnose. Through morphological observation, as well as the construction of multi-gene fragment phylogenetic trees using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods, the strains were identified as Colletotrichum fructicola, which caused anthracnose on C. petelotii.